A colposcope is a binocular instrument with a built-in light source that magnifies and illuminates the cervix, vagina, and vulva to help a healthcare provider detect abnormal cell changes, polyps, or genital warts that may indicate conditions. It functions as a microscope, allowing for detailed visual examination of tissue and the ability to guide biopsies for further testing. Modern colposcopes often include digital imaging capabilities for documentation and can be used in telemedicine for remote consultations.